Calc II exam tomorrow and this is the ONLY thing that confuses me.
I don't get how to convert something like 1^ ∞ power..
Wiki'd it and it gives.. : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeterminate_form#Li...
A list of the conversions when using f(x) and g(x).
A question on homework was.. lim x-> 0+ (cosx)^(1/(x^2))
that's 1^ ∞ and i tried the method to convert it and it's an endless cycle.. on top of the fraction after deriving is -2x^(-3) and the power keeps getting lower.. so essentially (-2/(x^3)) / (sinxcosx) which gives -2/0 and it doesn't make sense. am i doing something wrong? HELP!
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Answers & Comments
Ok, this example requires you to use knowledge of natural logs and the exponential function in order to simplify the problem into a solvable form.
Since e^(ln(x)) = x, you can convert the function into the following form:
lim x -> 0+ e^(ln[(cosx)^[1/(x^2)]]) , which appears insanely messy, but it will work out.
since ln(x)^a = a*ln(x), this becomes the following:
lim x -> 0+ e^([1/(x^2)]*ln(cosx))
The exponential function is always continuous, which means the limit can be moved inside:
e^(lim x-> 0+ [ln(cosx)/x^2])
take the derivative of the numerator and the denominator (l'hopital's rule):
(I removed the e^(lim x -> 0+ part to make it easier to understand)
(-sinx * 1/cosx)/(2x)
(-tanx/(2x))
Now apply the rule again
(-sec^2 (x) / 2)
sec(0) = 1/cos(0) = 1, so:
(-sec^2 (x) / 2) = -1/2
This means lim x-> 0+ [ln(cosx)/x^2] = -1/2
NOW, remember this is just the exponent of the exponential function, so the limit actually equals:
e^(-1/2) = 1/sqrt(e)
And this is the answer you get.
I'm sorry it was so complicated... haha
Let y = (cos x)^(1/x²)
Then ln(y) = 1/x² ln(cos x) = ln(cos x) / x²
So now we will find limit of ln(cos x) / x² as x approaches 0+
Once this is found, we can then convert it back.
lim[x→0+] ln(cos x) / x² = ln(1)/0 = 0/0 . . . . . Use l'Hopital rule
= lim[x→0+] (-sin x / cos x) / 2x
= lim[x→0+] (-tan x) / 2x = 0/0 . . . . . . . . Use l'Hopital rule again
= lim[x→0+] (-sec²x) / 2
= -1/2
ln(y) = -1/2
y = e^(-1/2)
y = 1/√e
Since y = (cos x)^(1/x²) and lim[x→0+] y = 1/√e, then
lim[x→0+] (cos x)^(1/x²) = 1/√e
Check: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=lim+%28cos%28...
look for patrickJMT on youtube, he has some great stuff on L'H. i figure a video would help u better then me trying to write out a sol for you. good luck