Verified answer

Likely the phone, though good cross-architecture benchmarks are rare.

To put things in proportion, a little $5 PIC microcontroller IC, nowhere near as powerful as a present smartphone CPU, can be far faster and have more internal memory that a room-size mainframe computer from the 1960s, that cost the equivalent of millions back then.

And, the capacity of RAM ICs and hard drives has increased by over a factor of a million since the 70s - 80s, while prices have also gone down.

The old core 2 duo.  I had one of those "sandy bridge" chips; it drew like 100 watts.  A phone CPU is lucky if if draws 3 watts at peak loads.  Moore's law has been breaking down over the last 10 years, and I strongly doubt the computation per watt has improved by a factor of 32.