Please Help I have no Idea what to do! If you could explain it that would be great!
a) -58°C to 0°C
b) melt the ice
c) 0°C to 100°C
d) vaporize the water
e) 100°C to 114°C
f) What is the total energy required for the process above?
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You need to have values for the specific heat of ice, the heat of fusion of water, the specific heat of water, the heat of vaporization of water and the specific heat of steam. Then, you will calculate each of the requested components independently, and finally add them all together.
So, for a, once you have the specific heat of ice, you calculate:
q = m c (T2-T1) = 46g X ____ J/gC X 58 C = ______
This will basically be the same calculation you use for c and e, but you'll have a different value for the specific heat.
For b and d, the calculation will depend on the units you have for the heat of fusion and vaporization.
If they are expressed in J/g, then, the calculation will be:
q = 46g X ____ J/g.
If, however, your heat of fusion is given in J/mol, you can either convert the mass of H2O into moles and multiply that by the heat of fusion, or convert the heat of fusion into J/g (in either case, using the molar mass of H2O).
You simply add up all the values for heat capacity.
Latent heat of melting 334 kJ/kg
Latent heat of evaporation 2,270 kJ/kg (this turns water to steam at 100 C)
Specific heat water 4.187 kJ/kgK
Specific heat ice 2.108 kJ/kgK
Specific heat water vapor 1.996 kJ/kgK
You do it stepwise.
There is a certain amount of heat necessary in taking ice from -58 C to 0 C
Then more heat to take ice at 0 C to water at 0 C
Then warming the water from 0 C to 100 C
Then taking water at 100 C to steam at 100 C (this will be a large number, which is why steam is so much more damaging to the body then water at the same temperature)
Then warming the steam to 114 C.
See second link for an example of the calculations.