Verified answer

Canadian employers will typically toss any resume into the garbage. It is illegal to hire a foreign worker in Canada unless they possess a valid work permit.

In order for a Canadian company to hire a non-citizen, they must obtain permission from HRSDC by applying for a labour market opinion (LMO) report which shows a shortage of Canadians in that profession along with proof that they advertised for that position within Canada and no Canadians applied. The only jobs which obtain positive LMOs are either extremely skilled professions (doctors, engineers, nurses, specialized trades, etc.) or highly temporary jobs (seasonal farm workers, off season hotels, ski resorts, etc.) Give the current economic conditions, most IT jobs (and certainly not entry-level positions) do not warrant positive LMOs.

When hiring a foreign worker, that company must send you a job offer letter and the original LMO. You must submit both along with your work permit application. You must then pass medical, background, and financial checks.

Sending a resume to a Canadian company is pointless unless you know that have an LMO (i.e. they specifically say that the position is open to foreign workers). A company within an LMO can not hire you. Most companies which have an LMO for that position will already be recruiting outside of Canada. Few will be going through the LMO process for entry-level positions.

Various web sites will discuss the format of a resume and covering letter in Canada.

Perhaps in UK there is a difference between a CV and a resume, but in North America, there isn't. A resume and a cover letter is the norm.

A CV is a resume.