Immanuel Kant wrote, in 1775, that the foundation of perpetual peace relies on “republican constitutions” (representative democracies). How did he come to this conclusion?

a) By observing the fact that democracies had not started any wars during his lifetime.

b) By recognizing that citizens will be hesitant to approve war because they suffer the consequences.

c) By recognizing that people who live in a democracy are socialized to be less aggressive than those who live under a despotic ruler.

d) All of the above