It was discovered by Gillespie when he introduced The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.
Referring to it in water the central atom that is oxygen has 2 lone pairs of electrons and 2 bond pairs with Hydrogen .thus there are 4 electron pairs imparting the h2o molecule a tetrahedral geometry however due to 2 lone pairs there is a distraction in bond pairs as lone pairs occupy more space , so they distort the tetrahedral formong V-shaped molecule ...
refer books on bonding for more details
This can also be explained by Pauling's Valence Bond Theory
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It was discovered by Gillespie when he introduced The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory.
Referring to it in water the central atom that is oxygen has 2 lone pairs of electrons and 2 bond pairs with Hydrogen .thus there are 4 electron pairs imparting the h2o molecule a tetrahedral geometry however due to 2 lone pairs there is a distraction in bond pairs as lone pairs occupy more space , so they distort the tetrahedral formong V-shaped molecule ...
refer books on bonding for more details
This can also be explained by Pauling's Valence Bond Theory